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sl 1 cells  (Thermo Fisher)


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    Structured Review

    Thermo Fisher sl 1 cells
    <t>Sl-1</t> cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h were co-stained with anti -cytochrome c monoclonal antibody and Mito-Tracker red. After incubation with FITC-coupled secondary antibodies, cells were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Con: Control cells treated without AfMNPV; Inf: Cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h.
    Sl 1 Cells, supplied by Thermo Fisher, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 91/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/sl+1+cells/SL1+Plus+-+H-Flex+Cell+Culture+Package/pmc03429461-124-0-5
    Average 91 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    sl 1 cells - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    91/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells"

    Article Title: The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040877

    Sl-1 cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h were co-stained with anti -cytochrome c monoclonal antibody and Mito-Tracker red. After incubation with FITC-coupled secondary antibodies, cells were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Con: Control cells treated without AfMNPV; Inf: Cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Sl-1 cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h were co-stained with anti -cytochrome c monoclonal antibody and Mito-Tracker red. After incubation with FITC-coupled secondary antibodies, cells were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Con: Control cells treated without AfMNPV; Inf: Cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h.

    Techniques Used: Infection, Staining, Incubation, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

    (A) Identification of recombinant plasmid pLitmus-cytc containing cytochrome c DNA fragment. pLitmus-cytc was digested with BamH I and EcoR I and then analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. M1: 1 kb maker, M2: 100 bp maker, S: plasmid DNA products. (B) Electrophoretic analysis of dsRNA transcribed in vitro . pLitmus-cyt c was digested with BamH I and EcoR I respectively and transcribed in vitro , and RNA products were electrophorised on agrose gel. M: 100 bp maker, S: RNA transcription products. (C) Cytochrome c mRNA level after treatment with dsRNA. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, and after inoculated with AfMNPV for 10 h, total RNA in each treatment was isolated. Cytochrome c mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Identification of recombinant plasmid pLitmus-cytc containing cytochrome c DNA fragment. pLitmus-cytc was digested with BamH I and EcoR I and then analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. M1: 1 kb maker, M2: 100 bp maker, S: plasmid DNA products. (B) Electrophoretic analysis of dsRNA transcribed in vitro . pLitmus-cyt c was digested with BamH I and EcoR I respectively and transcribed in vitro , and RNA products were electrophorised on agrose gel. M: 100 bp maker, S: RNA transcription products. (C) Cytochrome c mRNA level after treatment with dsRNA. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, and after inoculated with AfMNPV for 10 h, total RNA in each treatment was isolated. Cytochrome c mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

    Techniques Used: Recombinant, Plasmid Preparation, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, In Vitro, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR

    (A) Sl-1 cells transfected with GFP dsRNA; (B) Sl-1 cells transfected with cyt-c dsRNA. M, protein marker. β-tubulin was used as an internal control. *: non-specific band.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Sl-1 cells transfected with GFP dsRNA; (B) Sl-1 cells transfected with cyt-c dsRNA. M, protein marker. β-tubulin was used as an internal control. *: non-specific band.

    Techniques Used: Transfection, Marker

    (A) Microscopy image of cells treated with AfMNPV and cyt-c dsRNA. 1. Cells infected with AfMNPV alone for 10 h; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt c dsRNA for 24 h; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 48 h.; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Flow cytometric analysis. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 48 h,and infected with AfMNPV. At 10 h post infection, cells were staining by PI and FITC-Annexin. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. (C) Cyt-c dsRNA resulted in the decrease of apoptosis induced by AfMNPV in Sl-1cells. Data were representive for three independent experiments. *, p <0.05.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Microscopy image of cells treated with AfMNPV and cyt-c dsRNA. 1. Cells infected with AfMNPV alone for 10 h; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt c dsRNA for 24 h; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 48 h.; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Flow cytometric analysis. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 48 h,and infected with AfMNPV. At 10 h post infection, cells were staining by PI and FITC-Annexin. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. (C) Cyt-c dsRNA resulted in the decrease of apoptosis induced by AfMNPV in Sl-1cells. Data were representive for three independent experiments. *, p <0.05.

    Techniques Used: Microscopy, Infection, Staining, Flow Cytometry

    (A) Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for different time points, apoptosis was induced with AfMNPV, and then caspase-3 activity was measured at 10 h post-infection.1. Control cells treated alone with AfMNPV; 2. Cells treated with GFP dsRNA and virus; 3. Cells without any treatment; 4. Cells treated with dsRNA, 24 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 5. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 24 h; 6. Cells treated with dsRNA, 48 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 7. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 48 h; 8. Cells treated with dsRNA, 72 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 9. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Caspase-9 activity in cytochrome c dsRNA-treated Sl-1 cells after infection with AfMNPV for 10 h, compared with control cells.1. Normal cells; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after GFP dsRNA treatment for 48 h; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after cyt c dsRNA treatment for 48 hr. *, p <0.05.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for different time points, apoptosis was induced with AfMNPV, and then caspase-3 activity was measured at 10 h post-infection.1. Control cells treated alone with AfMNPV; 2. Cells treated with GFP dsRNA and virus; 3. Cells without any treatment; 4. Cells treated with dsRNA, 24 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 5. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 24 h; 6. Cells treated with dsRNA, 48 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 7. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 48 h; 8. Cells treated with dsRNA, 72 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 9. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Caspase-9 activity in cytochrome c dsRNA-treated Sl-1 cells after infection with AfMNPV for 10 h, compared with control cells.1. Normal cells; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after GFP dsRNA treatment for 48 h; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after cyt c dsRNA treatment for 48 hr. *, p <0.05.

    Techniques Used: Activity Assay, Infection

    (A) The treatment of FSBA resulted in the decrease of the percentage of apoptotic cells under the inductuion of AfMNPV. (B) The treatment of FSBA inhibited activation of pro-caspase-3 in AfMNPV-infected Sl-1 cells. *, There were significant differences.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) The treatment of FSBA resulted in the decrease of the percentage of apoptotic cells under the inductuion of AfMNPV. (B) The treatment of FSBA inhibited activation of pro-caspase-3 in AfMNPV-infected Sl-1 cells. *, There were significant differences.

    Techniques Used: Activation Assay, Infection

    Related Articles

    Control:

    Article Title: CD95 Signaling Inhibits B Cell Receptor-Mediated Gammaherpesvirus Replication in Apoptosis-Resistant B Lymphoma Cells
    Article Snippet: .. SL-1 cells were stimulated with anti-CD95 agonist or isotype control for 3 days and stained with annexin V-allophycocyanin (APC) and PI (eBiosciences). .. Live cells were sorted, followed by total RNA isolation with TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

    Article Title: CD95 Signaling Inhibits B Cell Receptor-Mediated Gammaherpesvirus Replication in Apoptosis-Resistant B Lymphoma Cells
    Article Snippet: .. SL-1 cells were 231 on A ugust 27, 2016 by N O R T H E R N ILLIN O IS U N IV http://jvi.asm .org/ D ow nloaded from 12 stimulated with anti-CD95 agonist or isotype control for three days and stained with 232 annexin-V-APC and PI (eBiosciences). .. Live cells were sorted, followed by total 233 RNA isolation with Trizol reagent (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturers’ 234 instructions.

    Staining:

    Article Title: CD95 Signaling Inhibits B Cell Receptor-Mediated Gammaherpesvirus Replication in Apoptosis-Resistant B Lymphoma Cells
    Article Snippet: .. SL-1 cells were stimulated with anti-CD95 agonist or isotype control for 3 days and stained with annexin V-allophycocyanin (APC) and PI (eBiosciences). .. Live cells were sorted, followed by total RNA isolation with TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

    Article Title: CD95 Signaling Inhibits B Cell Receptor-Mediated Gammaherpesvirus Replication in Apoptosis-Resistant B Lymphoma Cells
    Article Snippet: .. SL-1 cells were 231 on A ugust 27, 2016 by N O R T H E R N ILLIN O IS U N IV http://jvi.asm .org/ D ow nloaded from 12 stimulated with anti-CD95 agonist or isotype control for three days and stained with 232 annexin-V-APC and PI (eBiosciences). .. Live cells were sorted, followed by total 233 RNA isolation with Trizol reagent (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturers’ 234 instructions.

    Flow Cytometry:

    Article Title: Cassia oil as a substitute solvent for xylene for rotenone EC and its synergistic activities
    Article Snippet: 0048-3575/$ see front matter Crown Copyright 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2013.02.002 ⇑ Corresponding author.. Fax: +86 020 38604926.. E-mail address: zdsys@scau.edu.cn (Z. Zhang).

    Membrane:

    Article Title: Cassia oil as a substitute solvent for xylene for rotenone EC and its synergistic activities
    Article Snippet: 0048-3575/$ see front matter Crown Copyright 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2013.02.002 ⇑ Corresponding author.. Fax: +86 020 38604926.. E-mail address: zdsys@scau.edu.cn (Z. Zhang).

    other:

    Article Title: Phospholipase A2 inhibitor and LY6/PLAUR domain-containing protein PINLYP regulates type I interferon innate immunity
    Article Snippet: Cells harvested at 48 h posttransfection were lysed with 5 mL RIPA buffer supplemented with protease inhibitor complete tablet (Roche) and subjected to immunoprecipitation with anti-Flag M2 affinity gel (Sigma).

    Profiling:

    Article Title: Phospholipase A2 inhibitor and LY6/PLAUR domain-containing protein PINLYP regulates type I interferon innate immunity
    Article Snippet: .. To examine the gene-expression pattern between MHV68-immortalized SL-1 cells and SL-1–derived tumor cells (SL-1P) explanted from immunodeficient nude mice, Affymetrix gene-expression profiling analyses were performed and compared. ..

    Transfection:

    Article Title: Identification and Functional Analysis of Apoptotic Protease Activating Factor-1 (Apaf-1) from Spodoptera litura
    Article Snippet: For RNA interference, siRNA sequences that target S l-apaf-1 mRNA were designed ( ) and were synthesized by GenePharma (GenePharma Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). .. These siRNAs (40 pmol per well) were transfected into SL-1 cells using cellfectin II (Invitrogen) and total RNA was extracted using the TRIzol Reagent (Applied Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). .. One microliter of total RNA sample was used for the synthesis of first strand cDNA with PrimeScript RT regent kit (Takara, Shanghai, China).



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    <t>Sl-1</t> cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h were co-stained with anti -cytochrome c monoclonal antibody and Mito-Tracker red. After incubation with FITC-coupled secondary antibodies, cells were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Con: Control cells treated without AfMNPV; Inf: Cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h.
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    Image Search Results


    Sl-1 cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h were co-stained with anti -cytochrome c monoclonal antibody and Mito-Tracker red. After incubation with FITC-coupled secondary antibodies, cells were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Con: Control cells treated without AfMNPV; Inf: Cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040877

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Sl-1 cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h were co-stained with anti -cytochrome c monoclonal antibody and Mito-Tracker red. After incubation with FITC-coupled secondary antibodies, cells were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Con: Control cells treated without AfMNPV; Inf: Cells infected with AfMNPV for 6 h.

    Article Snippet: SL-1 cells were propagated in GIBCO™ Grace's medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA), 0.3% yeast extract and 0.3% lactalbumin hydrolysate at 28°C.

    Techniques: Infection, Staining, Incubation, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

    (A) Identification of recombinant plasmid pLitmus-cytc containing cytochrome c DNA fragment. pLitmus-cytc was digested with BamH I and EcoR I and then analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. M1: 1 kb maker, M2: 100 bp maker, S: plasmid DNA products. (B) Electrophoretic analysis of dsRNA transcribed in vitro . pLitmus-cyt c was digested with BamH I and EcoR I respectively and transcribed in vitro , and RNA products were electrophorised on agrose gel. M: 100 bp maker, S: RNA transcription products. (C) Cytochrome c mRNA level after treatment with dsRNA. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, and after inoculated with AfMNPV for 10 h, total RNA in each treatment was isolated. Cytochrome c mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040877

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Identification of recombinant plasmid pLitmus-cytc containing cytochrome c DNA fragment. pLitmus-cytc was digested with BamH I and EcoR I and then analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. M1: 1 kb maker, M2: 100 bp maker, S: plasmid DNA products. (B) Electrophoretic analysis of dsRNA transcribed in vitro . pLitmus-cyt c was digested with BamH I and EcoR I respectively and transcribed in vitro , and RNA products were electrophorised on agrose gel. M: 100 bp maker, S: RNA transcription products. (C) Cytochrome c mRNA level after treatment with dsRNA. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, and after inoculated with AfMNPV for 10 h, total RNA in each treatment was isolated. Cytochrome c mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

    Article Snippet: SL-1 cells were propagated in GIBCO™ Grace's medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA), 0.3% yeast extract and 0.3% lactalbumin hydrolysate at 28°C.

    Techniques: Recombinant, Plasmid Preparation, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, In Vitro, Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR

    (A) Sl-1 cells transfected with GFP dsRNA; (B) Sl-1 cells transfected with cyt-c dsRNA. M, protein marker. β-tubulin was used as an internal control. *: non-specific band.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040877

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Sl-1 cells transfected with GFP dsRNA; (B) Sl-1 cells transfected with cyt-c dsRNA. M, protein marker. β-tubulin was used as an internal control. *: non-specific band.

    Article Snippet: SL-1 cells were propagated in GIBCO™ Grace's medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA), 0.3% yeast extract and 0.3% lactalbumin hydrolysate at 28°C.

    Techniques: Transfection, Marker

    (A) Microscopy image of cells treated with AfMNPV and cyt-c dsRNA. 1. Cells infected with AfMNPV alone for 10 h; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt c dsRNA for 24 h; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 48 h.; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Flow cytometric analysis. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 48 h,and infected with AfMNPV. At 10 h post infection, cells were staining by PI and FITC-Annexin. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. (C) Cyt-c dsRNA resulted in the decrease of apoptosis induced by AfMNPV in Sl-1cells. Data were representive for three independent experiments. *, p <0.05.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040877

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Microscopy image of cells treated with AfMNPV and cyt-c dsRNA. 1. Cells infected with AfMNPV alone for 10 h; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt c dsRNA for 24 h; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 48 h.; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after treatment with cyt-c dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Flow cytometric analysis. Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for 48 h,and infected with AfMNPV. At 10 h post infection, cells were staining by PI and FITC-Annexin. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. (C) Cyt-c dsRNA resulted in the decrease of apoptosis induced by AfMNPV in Sl-1cells. Data were representive for three independent experiments. *, p <0.05.

    Article Snippet: SL-1 cells were propagated in GIBCO™ Grace's medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA), 0.3% yeast extract and 0.3% lactalbumin hydrolysate at 28°C.

    Techniques: Microscopy, Infection, Staining, Flow Cytometry

    (A) Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for different time points, apoptosis was induced with AfMNPV, and then caspase-3 activity was measured at 10 h post-infection.1. Control cells treated alone with AfMNPV; 2. Cells treated with GFP dsRNA and virus; 3. Cells without any treatment; 4. Cells treated with dsRNA, 24 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 5. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 24 h; 6. Cells treated with dsRNA, 48 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 7. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 48 h; 8. Cells treated with dsRNA, 72 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 9. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Caspase-9 activity in cytochrome c dsRNA-treated Sl-1 cells after infection with AfMNPV for 10 h, compared with control cells.1. Normal cells; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after GFP dsRNA treatment for 48 h; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after cyt c dsRNA treatment for 48 hr. *, p <0.05.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040877

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Sl-1 cells treated with dsRNA for different time points, apoptosis was induced with AfMNPV, and then caspase-3 activity was measured at 10 h post-infection.1. Control cells treated alone with AfMNPV; 2. Cells treated with GFP dsRNA and virus; 3. Cells without any treatment; 4. Cells treated with dsRNA, 24 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 5. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 24 h; 6. Cells treated with dsRNA, 48 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 7. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 48 h; 8. Cells treated with dsRNA, 72 h later, infected by AfMNPV for 10 h; 9. Cells treated alone with dsRNA for 72 h. (B) Caspase-9 activity in cytochrome c dsRNA-treated Sl-1 cells after infection with AfMNPV for 10 h, compared with control cells.1. Normal cells; 2. Cells infected with AfMNPV; 3. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after GFP dsRNA treatment for 48 h; 4. Cells infected with AfMNPV for 10 h after cyt c dsRNA treatment for 48 hr. *, p <0.05.

    Article Snippet: SL-1 cells were propagated in GIBCO™ Grace's medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA), 0.3% yeast extract and 0.3% lactalbumin hydrolysate at 28°C.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Infection

    (A) The treatment of FSBA resulted in the decrease of the percentage of apoptotic cells under the inductuion of AfMNPV. (B) The treatment of FSBA inhibited activation of pro-caspase-3 in AfMNPV-infected Sl-1 cells. *, There were significant differences.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: The Role of Cytochrome c on Apoptosis Induced by Anagrapha falcifera Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Insect Spodoptera litura Cells

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040877

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) The treatment of FSBA resulted in the decrease of the percentage of apoptotic cells under the inductuion of AfMNPV. (B) The treatment of FSBA inhibited activation of pro-caspase-3 in AfMNPV-infected Sl-1 cells. *, There were significant differences.

    Article Snippet: SL-1 cells were propagated in GIBCO™ Grace's medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Invitrogen, Grand Island, N.Y., USA), 0.3% yeast extract and 0.3% lactalbumin hydrolysate at 28°C.

    Techniques: Activation Assay, Infection